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2012小升初英语必考语法:名词运用

来源:珠海奥数网整理 2011-11-28 10:01:57

名词表示某一事物,有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。一定要注意:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、alotof等词去作判断,以免受误导……

  名词表示某一事物,有具体的和抽象的之分。分为可数名词和不可数名词。一定要注意:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总是用is或者was;最好不要根据some、any、alotof等词去作判断,以免受误导。

  1、可数名词如何变“复数形式”:a.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds;

  读音:清辅音后读[s],浊辅音和元音后读[z]。b.以s、x、sh、ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches;

  读音:[iz]。c.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries;

  读音:[z]。d.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,如:knife-knives,thief-thieves;读音:[z]。e.以“o”结尾的词,分两种情况

  1)有生命的+es如:mango-mangoes,tomato-tomatoes,hero-heroes;

  读音:[z]

  2)无生命的+s如:photo-photos,radio-radios;

  读音:[z]

  f。不规则名词复数:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman- policewomen,snowman-snowmen,mouse-mice,child-children,foot-feet,tooth- teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese?2、不可数名词没 有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量,就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。

  例如:aglassofwater,apieceofpaper,abottleofjuice;

  练一练:1、写出下列各词的复数。this_________people_________watch_________?mango_________

  child_________photo_________diary_________day_________

  foot_________dress_________tooth_________sheep_________

  box_________thief_________engineer_________peach_________

  man_________sandwich_________woman_________leaf_________

  2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。

  (1)Aretheretwo_________(box)onthetable?

  (2)Icanseesome_________(people)inthecinema。

  (3)Howmany_________(day)arethereinaweek?

  (4)Here’refive_________(bottle)of_________(juice)foryou。

  (5)This_________(violin)ishers。Those_________(grape)areoverthere。

  答案

  1、写出下列各词的复数。

  this---thesepeople--peoplewatch--watches?mango--mangoes

  child--childrenphoto--photosdiary--diariesday--days

  foot—feetdress--dressestooth--teethsheep--sheep

  box--boxesthief--thievesengineer--engineerspeach--peaches

  man--mensandwich--sandwicheswoman--womenleaf--leaves

  2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。

  (1)Are there two boxes ( box ) on the table?

  (2)I can see some people ( people ) in the cinema.

  (3)How many days ( day ) are there in a week?

  (4)Here’re five bottles ( bottle ) of juice ( juice ) for you.

  (5)This violin ( violin ) is hers. Those grapes (grape) are over there.

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